Time Out English : 2BATXILLERAT

After the success of POKÉMON GO!,

what is the future for augmented reality? (AR)

...

Microsoft believes that HoloLens is the next evolution for AR, technology that we have seen for years whenever, for example, a weather reporter gestures toward a virtual map behind them in a television studio, or a football pundit offers an assessment of the starting 11 in a football match, as digital versions of the players magically appear in front of them on the desk. In HoloLens the data isn’t merely layered on top of the world you’re looking at. It’s conjured and anchored into the environment around you. In this way, you can play Minecraft on the dining room table, walking around the room in order to get a different perspective on your creation. For Microsoft, it’s a way to pull the software on which we rely from our smartphone screens into the room, a holographic conjuring act that, as the spokesperson puts it, enables us to “interact with them in the same way we interact with physical objects”.

For Caudell, who coined the term AR, the technology, which he believed would be adopted across industries such as architecture, automotive design, building construction and even medicine never quite took off in the ways he expected. “There were technical and cultural issues at that time that kept it in the research lab,” he says. “In that sense it was probably ahead of its time.” The pervasiveness and power of smartphones has, however, “drastically opened up the market,” he says.

Meanwhile, the success of AR games such as Pokémon Go!, which was downloaded more than 100 million times in its first month, reportedly earning $10m per day at the height of its popularity, has attracted widespread attention and investment. “It’s hard to say whether all the attention is warranted,” says Caudell. “But the potential for benefit is huge.”

...

If the breathless press releases are to be believed, 2016 has been the year of virtual reality – a discarded technology that, thanks to the revolution in low-cost components heralded by smartphones, is currently enjoying a lavish revival. Sony, Facebook and HTC have all launched expensive, miraculous visors that transport us into fabricated realities, fooling the brain into believing that, like Dorothy, we’ve been bodily transported to another place. At its best, VR allows us to visit places too remote, too dangerous or too expensive to otherwise reach. Documentarians are using the nascent medium to allow us to experience life through the eyes of another. But VR technology also has numerous drawbacks. As well as the cost (just 3% of Britons are expected to invest in a serious headset this year, the cheapest of which costs £350, even without the PlayStation needed to run it) there’s also the sense of vulnerability that wearers experience while sitting blind in front of the television, as well as the perils of bumping into furniture. As one Microsoft spokesperson put it, VR users are “best advised to stay seated or keep still to avoid collisions”.

AR, while not having quite the same transporting effects, gets around this issue by layering its simulated elements over the real world. Through a pair of AR glasses, or a smartphone’s camera, you are able to see both the elbow-y chair and teetering lamp in front of you, and the data that overlays it. Microsoft’s apparent scepticism about VR is understandable; the company has instead focused millions of R&D dollars into AR (or, as the company prefers to term it, “mixed reality”) via its HoloLens, a see-through PC-in-a-visor that launches in November for the precise and gargantuan cost of £2,719.

Taken from the following link:

https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/oct/23/augmented-reality-development-future-smartphone

REPORTED SPEECH ACTIVITIES

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?05

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/reported-speech/exercises?04

RELATIVE CLAUSES

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-clauses/exercises?07

https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/tests/relative-clauses-4

THE ENVIRONMENT

http://www.englishexercises.org/buscador/buscar.asp?nivel=any&age=0&tipo=any&contents=environment#thetop

Make a living = make money = earn money

to look for

to find

to apply for + A JOB

to land

to hold down

to lose

An advert

Job offer

Job applicants

Job-hunters

Job interviews

Employment

Employer

Employee

to employ

Unemployment

Unemployed

Work

Workers

My position at work is...

to work

to work as an...

to work for...

to work in the field of...

to work outdoors

to commute to work

to work overtime

to work according to schedule

clockwork

to work under pressure

a deadline

( High or low) salary

Starting salary

A salary rise

to get a promotion = to be promoted

A pay

Overtime pay

to pay

Full-time job versus part-time job

to do shifts

manual labour

teamwork

competition work

to split work

working hours

multitasking

A meeting

to hire versus to fire

to get hired versus to get fired/sacked

A company

Business

Office

The boss

Secretary

Colleagues

Customers

to run/manage a business

to start a business

c.v.

to study at university

Training

to involve

a must

Knowledge of...

Qualifications for a job

Certificate

A degree

prior experience

to be good at + GERUND

to be qualified for a job

to be suitable for a job

to be a fast learner

to be relevant for a job

to take pride in + GERUND

to take initiative

Puntual

Effective

Talent

Respect

Skills

A letter of recommendation

to negotiate

to succeed

safety precautions

risks

Effective

Hard-working

Lazy

to slack off

to get paid peanuts

the minimum wage

to show the ropes

HAVE + something + PAST PARTICIPLE

Someone does something for you

She has her hair cut every month

She is having her hair cut now

I had my hair cut yesterday

I was having my hair cut yesterday at 5pm

I will have my hair cut tomorrow

I am going to have my hair cut at 6pm

By the time he arrived, I had had my hair cut

I have just had my hair cut

You should have your hair cut. It is too long.

OTHER EXPRESSIONS:

have (my, your,...) nails polished,

have my eyes tested,

have one's legs waxed/lasered,

have my car repaired...

http://elauladeisa.blogspot.com.es/2013/02/causative-form_1.html

PASSIVE VOICE

A GOOD CHART NEEDED? Click below for a good one for the form:

http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/6105121.png

CLICK ON THE FOLLOWING LINK TO CHECK YOUR ANSWERS:
http://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples/examples-of-active-and-passive-voice.html

USEFUL TIPS FOR WRITING 😏

http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing-skills-practice/opinion-essay

http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing-skills-practice/and-against-essay

http://menuaingles.blogspot.com.es/2009/06/como-hacer-un-composicion-en-ingles.html?m=1

http://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/ks3/english/writing/structure_paragraphs/activity/

DESCRIPTIVE TEXTS: structure

http://hudriatulhotimah.blogspot.com.es/2015/03/descriptive-text-material-1.html?m=1

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Write the topic in the middle: what you are going to describe

(a person, a place, an object, an event, etc.)

2. Write every characteristic in a subgroup:

write one number too (the order in which they will appear on your text)

3. Write your composition:

STEP 1 Introduction: identify the person, object, etc. of the description

STEP 2 Describe it in detail following the order you established previously

(use adjectives, comparisons, addition connectors, present simple and be specific)

REMEMBER: OSIASCOM for the order of adjectives

Addition connectors are too, also, as well, besides...

NARRATIVE TEXTS:

GRAMMAR: GERUND OR INFINITIVE?

http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/

http://www.slideshare.net/angelomagno/how-to-write-a-narrative-text

ACTIVITIES ON CONDITIONALS

If it rains, the boys won't play/wouldn’t play/would not have played hockey.
If he grow/grew/had grown his own vegetables, he wouldn't have to buy them.
Jim will see/would see/would have seen whisky distilleries if he travelled to Scotland.
Would you go out more often if you don't have to do/didn’t have to do/hadn’t had to do so much in the house?
She wouldn't have yawned the whole day if she doesn't stay up/didn’t stay up/hadn’t stayed up late last night.
If you wait/waited/had waited a minute, I'll come with you.
If we arrived at 10, we will miss/would miss/would have missed
Tyler's presentation.
We will help/would help/would have helped John if we'd known about his problems.
If they use/used/had used new batteries, their camera would have worked correctly.
If I went anywhere, it will be/would be/would have been New Zealand.
If I didn't have/hadn’t/weren’t have so much vacation time, I wouldn't go with you on the cruise to Alaska next week.
If Cindy were/was/been more creative, the company would send her to New York to work on the new advertising campaign.
If Dan weren't so nice, he will not help/wouldn’t have helped/wouldn’t help you in math tonight.
If my parents had come/come/came today, I will get angry. I shot a party and the house is messy.
If Donna makes us dinner tonight, you will love/would love/would have loved it.
If I had gone to that concert tonight, I will pass/wouldn’t have passed/didn’t pass Maths. The exam was the next day.
If Sandy married Paul, she will be/would be/would have be very happy.
If Seb hadn’t come/will come/didn’t come with us to the party, everyone would feel disappointed=decepcionado.
If you liked/likes/like the film, you would keep quiet. You are disturbing everybody.
Water freezes if you put/puts/will put it in the freezer for hours.
If you keep a termometer near a bulb, mercury will rise/rises/would rise.
If you touched/touch/will touch metal with a magnet, it attracts it.
If turtles leave their eggs in an area, they come back there the next year.
If you heat water at 100ºC, it boiled/boils/would boil.

VERB TENSES

TIME EXPRESSIONS:

PRESENT SIMPLE:

Frequency adverbs (always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely/seldom, never),

AT + time

IN + moment of the day (except AT night)

ON + day of the week, every day/week/month/year...,

IN + season,

IN + month,

ON + date,

once/twice/ three times a week/month/year...

Today=nowadays=these days

PRESENT CONTINUOUS:

(right) now

at the moment

this + moment of the day, week/month/year...

today

tonight

PAST SIMPLE:

yesterday

last + day of the week/week/month/year...

(number) minutes/hours/days/weeks/years AGO

PAST CONTINUOUS:

While...

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE:

just, for, since, recently, already, yet

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

for, since, recently, all day/night/week/year long

PAST PERFECT SIMPLE:

By the time, after

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS:

After, for, since, recently, all day/night/week/year long

FUTURE 1 WILL+ VERB

next + day of the week/week/month/year

in a minute/number + days/weeks/months/years

IN + month/year

FUTURE 2 AM/IS/ARE GOING TO + VERB

next + day of the week/week/month/year

in a minute/number + days/weeks/months/years

IN + month/year

FUTURE 3 PRESENT CONTINUOUS

next + day of the week/week/month/year

in a minute/number + days/weeks/months/years

IN + month/year

CONDITIONAL

If/Whether/Unless...

SENTENCE MATCHING ACTIVITY:

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS

I have been working in the garden, my clothes ARE dirty NOW.

I have been partying all night long, I HAVE a wonderful hangover TODAY.

I have been drinking too much coffee, it IS 11pm and I cannot sleep NOW.

I have been sleeping for 12h, it IS 11pm and I CANNOT sleep NOW.

I have been smoking too much, I AM coughing all the time.

I have been chatting with Sarah for 4h, I THINK she likes me.

We have been arguing for hours,we DON'T TALK any more.

I have been swimming in cold water, I HAVE a cold now.

PAST PERFECT CONTINOUS

I had been repairing the computer all afternoon but the virus WAS still there YESTERDAY at 8pm.

I had been waiting for the bus for hours but it DIDN'T COME because of an accident.

I had been listening to music so I DIDN'T STUDY.

I had been wearing my new high heel shoes last night and I have to wear trainers today, I hurt my feet.

LAST NIGHT WITH PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS IS IMPOSSIBLE, YESTERDAY REQUIRES A PAST SIMPLE OR CONTINUOUS and PAST PERFECT SIMPLE OR CONTINOUS FORM

I had been learning for that exam for two weeks. However, I FAILED anyway.

PAU TESTS

Reading comprehension questions

You have to answer them with your own words for 1 point each max. (or copying directly from the text for 0,5 points each max.)

The questions of the last 14 years are the following. Try to answer them (or the most difficult ones for you) and check your answers:

2002

Why is physical activity so important for people?

How can you include physical activity in your life?

What is the Riverside Mothers' Unit?

Why do these young mothers have problems during the holidays?

2003

What does the Spanish government have to do to accommodate the variety of races and cultures?

Why do public administrations need extra funds when immigration increases?

What do boys frequently argue about?

Why does everybody get a turn in girls' games?

2004

What do children have to do when a place in the family has already been taken?

Why does Sulloway believe that a marriage between a typical first-born husband and a later born wife will probably be successful?

What impression do people have about McDonalds's food?

What did Mr. Cantalupo achieve in the 16 months he was in charge of McDonald's?

2005

Why has Zara become so commercially successful?

What would Zara have to do in order to become larger in the US?

What effects do smoking and tobacco smoke have on people's health?

What kind of information has the UK Department of Health printed?

2006

What is the main reason for expelling pupils from British schools?

What is a mentor's task?

What is the meaning of "technology addiction"?

Why does Caroline call herself "protective" of her phone?

What is a tracking device used for?

Why should today's teenagers be called Metrolescents?

2007

Why is sea ice rapidly disappearing?

How did Dr. Stroeve collect information for her study?

Why does so much information generate anxiety?

Why may boring websites be so popular?

Which facts indicate that Britain is socially and ethnically divided?

Why are opportunities to mix with other people limited in Spain?

2008

Why does AZA state that 2007 should be the Year of the Frog?

Why does the Greek word amphibios mean double life?

Why did more than a fifth of Britons avoid going out at night last year?

According to Gordon Brown, why are British kids out of control?

2009

In which cases is abortion allowed in Spain?

What's new in the socialist government's abortion law?

According to the text, what can be good and/or bad about using "gadgets" while driving?

How can feedback provided to drivers help improve their driving?

2010

(2 options in June + 2 options in September)

Why are the authors surprised about the results of their study?

According to the text, how do authors explain the increase in media consumption among the young?

Why can YouTube users get money from video sharing?

How can YouTube be used for democratic purposes?

What are the real reasons why consumers buy eco-friendly goods?

Why do some film stars promote eco-friendly products?

According to the text, why are grocery stores, nowadays, successful in comparison to other businesses?

On what basis do food companies justify the higher price of their brand-name products?

What measures have teachers been forced to take in secondary schools?

Why have mobile phones been used in some schools?

2011

What had been unusual about Jean Wilson behavior?

What action did the delivery driver take when he arrived at Jean Wilson's house?

What is the main problem in Chernobyl nowadays?

What happened just after the explosion in 1986?

Why did the cleaner lean the bucket of the sculpture?

What happened to Gustav Metzger's work?

2012

What two activities can people do to save on leisure and entertainment?

What are the causes of the fall of young people's spending power?

Why should cigarrettes be sold in plain packets?

Why was tobacco hidden from public view in large shops and supermarkets?

2013

Why did Taunton school decide to teach pupils about the dangers of social media?

Why does Manley think that it is important to teach children to use social media safely and legally?

Can you explain what is changing in relation to computer use?

What differences in use are there between desktops and tablets?

2014

What are Encarni's hopes for the future?

Why does Encarni feel she is sometimes rejected by other people?

What is a flipped school?

What are some of the advantages of online courses?

2015

Why does wearable technology make us look at technology in a different way?

Why is there an issue with who uses your data?

What have bilinguals shown regarding "executive control"?

What did Filippi and other colleagues find?

How do companies advertise their products on Instagram?

Why are people interested in Jen Selter?

Reading comprehension answers

Try to write FULL and COMPLETE answers:

2002

Physical activity is so important for people because...

You can include physical activity in your life by + gerund ( verb with -ing ending)

The Riverside Mothers' Unit is...

These young mothers have problems during the holidays because...

2003

The Spanish government haS to + ANSWER (verb in base form) + to accommodate the variety of races and cultures.

Public administrations need extra funds when immigration increases because... / to + verb in base form OR for + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

Boys frequently argue about + gerund (verb with -ing ending)...

Everybody getS a turn in girls' games because...

2004

Children have to + ANSWER + when a place in the family has already been taken.

Sulloway believeS that a marriage between a typical first-born husband and a later born wife will probably be successful because...

The impression people have about McDonalds's food is...

Mr. Cantalupo achieveD that + ANSWER + in the 16 months he was in charge of McDonald's?

2005

Zara has become so commercially successful because...

Zara would have to + verb in base form + in order to become larger in the US

The effects smoking and tobacco smoke have on people's health are...

The kind of information the UK Department of Health has printed is...

2006

The main reason for expelling pupils from British schools is...

A mentor's task is...

The meaning of "technology addiction" is...

Caroline callS herself "protective" of her phone because...

A tracking device used for + noun or gerund (verb with -ing ending)

Today's teenagers should be called Metrolescents because...

2007

Sea ice is rapidly disappearing because...

Dr. Stroeve collectED information for her study by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

So much information generateS anxiety because...

Many boring websites are so popular because...

The facts WHICH indicate that Britain is socially and ethnically divided are + ANSWER (all the facts)

Opportunities to mix with other people are limited in Spain because...

2008

AZA stateS that 2007 should be the Year of the Frog because...

The Greek word amphibios meanS double life because...

More than a fifth of Britons avoidED going out at night last year because...

According to Gordon Brown, British kids are out of control because...

2009

Abortion allowed in Spain when... OR in the following cases: ANSWER

What is new in the socialist government's abortion law is the + ANSWER

According to the text, what can be good and/or bad about using "gadgets" while driving is + ANSWER

Feedback provided to drivers can help improve their driving by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

2010

(2 options in June + 2 options in September)

The authors are surprised about the results of their study because...

According to the text, authors explain the increase in media consumption among the young because... OR by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

YouTube users can get money from video sharing by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

YouTube be can used for democratic purposes by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

The real reasons why consumers buy eco-friendly goods are...

Some film stars promote eco-friendly products because...

According to the text, grocery stores are , nowadays, successful in comparison to other businesses because...

Food companies justify the higher price of their brand-name products on the basis that...

The measures have teachers been forced to take in secondary schools are...

Mobile phones have been used in some schools to + verb (base form) IR for + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

2011

What had been unusual about Jean Wilson behavior was...

The action the delivery driver TOOK when he arrived at Jean Wilson's house was...

The main problem in Chernobyl nowadays is...

What happened just after the explosion in 1986 was that...

The cleaner leant the bucket on the sculpture because...

What happened to Gustav Metzger's work was that...

2012

The two activities people can do to save on leisure and entertainment are...

The causes of the fall of young people's spending power are...

Cigarettes should be sold in plain packets because...

Tobacco was hidden from public view in large shops and supermarkets because...

2013

Taunton school decideD to teach pupils about the dangers of social media because...

Manley thinkS that it is important to teach children to use social media safely and legally because...

Can you explain what is changing in relation to computer use? Yes, I can. What is changing in relation to cimpiter use is...

The differences in use between desktops and tablets are...

2014

Encarni's hopes for the future are...

Encarni feelS she is sometimes rejected by other people because...

A flipped school is...

Some of the advantages of online courses are...

2015

Wearable technology makeS us look at technology in a different way because...

There an issue with who uses your data because...

Regarding "executive control", bilinguals have shown that...

Filippi and other colleagues FOUND that...

Companies advertise their products on Instagram by + gerund (verb with -ing ending)

People are interested in Jen Selter because...

YOU WILL LOVE THIS LINK:

https://sites.google.com/site/pauexam/englishexams

REMEMBER YOU WILL FIND SOME MORE ON THE DROPBOX!

LET'S COMPARE!

Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?
Thou art more lovely and more temperate:

Superiority

MONOSYLLABIC ADJECTIVE + ER + THAN
ADJECTIVES ENDING IN -Y becoming -I + ER + THAN

MORE + ADJECTIVE + THAN

Equality

AS + ADJECTIVE + AS

Minority

LESS + ADJECTIVE + THAN

SUPERLATIVE:

THE + MONOSYLLABIC ADJECTIVE + EST
THE + ADJECTIVES ENDING IN -Y > -I + EST

THE MOST + ADJECTIVE

GRAMMAR SURVIVAL

SEE BELOW FOR TENSES

CONDITIONALS

Type 0 Present --- present Ice melts if you heat it
Type 1 Present --- will + verb If you buy it now, you will get a good discount.
Type 2 Past --- would + verb If I were you, I would take the chance.
Type 3 Past perfect --- would have + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
If I had studied hard, I wouldn't have failed the exam.

I wish + subject + past simple = making wishes
I wish + subject + past perfect = regrets :-( or Type 3 conditionals

ACTIVE VOICE SENTENCE: SVO

PASSIVE VOICE SENTENCE: OVS (Patient V BY + Agent)
VERB TO BE in the tense of the active voice sentence + past participle

present simple am/is/are + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
past simple was/were  + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
future with will will be  + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
future with be going to am/is/are going to be + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
present perfect have/has been + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
past perfect had been + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
present continuous am/is/are being + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)
past continuous was/were being + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)

CAUSATIVE HAVE: An expert does something for us
HAVE in the correct verb tense + OBJECT + past participle (3rd. Column or verb + ed)

I have my blood pressure tested once a year.
I had my hair cut last month.
I will have my car repaired.
Etc.

RELATIVE PRONOUNS: introduction of information about an element in the sentence (it can be essential or not)

who, which = that
That woman is my neighbour. That woman is a doctor.
That woman, who is my neighbour, is a doctor.
The red table was a special offer. The red table cost 50€.
The red table, which was a special offer, cost 50€.
When
I loved those times. We were so happy together during those times.
I loved those times when we were so happy together.
Where
He is studying somewhere. He finds peace there.
He is studying where he finds peace.
Whom
Hawkin is scientist. People admire Hawkin.
Hawkin is a scientist whom people admire.
Whose
I have a classmate. My dog's name is Rambo.
I have a classmate whose name is Rambo.

REPORTED SPEECH: indirect speech

Direct speech

'I like apples', Mary said.

Indirect/reported speech

Mary said (that) SHE LIKED apples.
(Because we are saying something Mary said before)

Other changes verbs: always one step back in time
past simple - past perfect
present perfect - past perfect
future with will - conditional with would
future with be going to - was/were going to
present continuous - past continuous
past continuous - past perfect continuous
present perfect continuous - past perfect continuous

Time expressions, adverbs, demonstratives, possessives and personal pronouns change too:
here - there now - then tomorrow - the following day/the day after
yesterday - the day before/the previous day this - that these - those

Yes/no questions: he asked IF + affirmative word order after changes
Wh- questions: he asked WH- interrogative pronoun (what, who, where, why, which, whom, whose, how)

MODAL VERBS

Obligation:

1. Must

You must do your homework.

2. Have to

You have to be wear a uniform if you are in primary school here.

He has to work harder.

Do we have to bring our sports clothes?

* For past & future tenses:

I had to study for my exam until 22:00

I will have to work until midnight.

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com/musthaveto/menu.php

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BgIjV8dkpp0&sns=em

Prohibition:

1. Must not=Mustn't

You mustn't smoke in hospitals.

2. To be (though it is not a modal verb)

You are not to do that again!

3. May not

You may not smoke here.

* For other tenses, past & future:

I couldn't smoke in the hospital.

I was not allowed to smoke in the hospital.

I will be allowed to enter in10 min.

Smoking is forbidden.

Permission:

1. Can

Can I go to the toilet, please?

2. Could: formal

Could I talk to you after the meeting, please?

3. May

May I come in, please?

4. Might( very formal and rarely used)

Might I ask you a question, Sir?

* For other tenses, past & future:

Could he go to the party yesterday?You will be able to leave the hospital next week.

May I come tomorrow, please?

Can I come tomorrow, please?

(Not) Necessity:

1. Need

I need to talk to you.

You don't need to study this.

I will need to buy a new one from Matt.

2. Have to

You don't have to pay for children under 2 years old on the train.

* For past and future tenses:

You didn't have to study last weekend.

You will have to redo all your homework.

I wasn't obliged to do the project.

Possibility:

1. Can

Can you arrive on time?

2. Could

Could you study for the exam?

3. May

I may come at 4.

4. Might

He might come to the party but he is not sure.

* For past & future tenses:

He was able to study at last.

He will be able to come to school.

He could arrive on time yesterday.

Giving advice:

1. Should

You should take an aspirin for your headache.

2. Ought to

You ought to study some more.

* No past tense

* For future tense:

I should buy a bag tomorrow.

You ought to obey the rules.

Slight difference in meaning.

PERFECT FORMS!

Guessing:

MUST HAVE + past participle Paul looks nervous. He must have forgotten his books.
MAY HAVE + past participle They may have arrived on time but I don't know.

Regrets:

SHOULD HAVE + past participle I should have bought you flowers.

Past possibilities:

COULD HAVE + past participle I could have bought sandwich (but I didn't).

MIGHT HAVE + past participle He might have come to the party (but she is so busy...)

THE GUARDIAN: Environment

http://gu.com/p/4txe6?CMP=Share_iOSApp_Other

JOBS

https://www.uji.es/bin/infopre/trans/.../angles.pdf

COOL KIDS by Echosmith

She sees them walking in a straight line, that's not really her style.

And they all got the same heartbeat, but hers is falling behind.

Nothing in this world could ever bring them down.

Yeah, they're invincible, and she's just in the background.

And she says,

"I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to fit in.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids."

He sees them talking with a big smile, but they haven't got a clue.

Yeah, they're living the good life, can't see what he is going through.

They're driving fast cars, but they don't know where they're going.

In the fast lane, living life without knowing.

And he says,

"I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to fit in.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to get it.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids."

And they said,

"I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to fit in.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to fit in.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids,

'Cause all the cool kids, they seem to get it.

I wish that I could be like the cool kids, like the cool kids."

Whoa [3x]

Like the cool kids

I wish...

I wish + wish (PAST SIMPLE)

I wish I was at the beach.

I wish + regret (PAST PERFECT)
I wish he had studied for the exam.

CLIMATE CHANGE

ADVERBS

too extravagant

extremely angry

very difficult

quite easy

big enough

a bit strange

a little dangerous

a little bit expensive

not tired at all

CONNECTORS

And, as well/too/also; but, though, Although, Despite, In spite of, while, whereas; and so/ and thus, Consequently, As a consequence; In my opinion, In my view, From my point of view, The way I see it, As far as I am concerned, It seems to me; For example/ for instance/ such as...

http://www.myenglishteacher.eu/question/list-of-sentence-connectors-in-english/

Getting ready for the TERM TEST:

If you liked the grammar aquarium, you are gonna love this one:

http://www.englishgrammarsecrets.com

SOME HELPFUL NOTES:

ADDING IDEAS: Not only..., but also...

Tablets are not only slim, but also user-friendly devices.

Not only can we describe tablets as slim, but also as user-friendly devices.

[Inversion subject - verb, as in questions]

ALTERNATIVES: Either... or... = O... o...

Ni... Ni... = Neither... nor... (Do not use in negative sentences)

- Check our Dropbox account for both opinion and for and against

sample essays.

They are out of the 2BATXILLERAT folder.

RED MEAT

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-3176305/Revealed-eating-red-meat-cause-bowel-cancer-Pigment-makes-steak-red-blame-say-scientists.html

REMEMBER!

You can download these activities by clicking on

https://www.burlingtonbooks.com/Spain/Page.aspx?PageID=1574&autoDownloadResourceID=2172

PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS

They HAD BEEN WAITING until he opened the door

------------------------X
wait time   opening

............................................PAST...............................................

LANGUAGE and COMMUNICATION

MOTHER TONGUE
FOREIGN LANGUAGE
TO ADVERTISE = TO MAKE KNOWN
ANNOYANCE = BOTHER
APOLOGISE = TO SAY SORRY
ANNOUNCEMENT = DECLARATION
TO CALL OUT = TO PUBLISH
NATIVE SPEAKER
FLUENT
TO CONVINCE= TO PERSUADE
TO NOTICE = TO REALISE
TO PRONOUNCE = TO DECLARE
TO QUARREL = TO ARGUE
CONTROVERSIAL TOPICS RAISE QUESTIONS
A SIGN
TO STATE = TO AFFIRM

TO TALK BACK = TO REPLY IMPERTINENTLY
TO TALK DOWN TO A PERSON = TO DEPRECIATE him/her/them
TO TALK A PERSON INTO + GERUND = TO PERSUADE TO + VERB
TO TALK A PERSON OUT OF + GERUND = TO DISSUADE FROM + GERUND
TO TALK SOMETHING OVER = TO DISCUSS

NOTICE: You can replace A PERSON and SOMETHING by a noun, a noun phrase or an object pronoun

ME, YOU, HIM, HER, IT, US, THEM

You can also say LET'S TALK THAT or THIS OVER using a demonstrative pronoun

TO GET MY MESSAGE ACROSS = TO MAKE MYSELF UNDERSTOOD
TO TELL A JOKE
TO JOKE = TO KID
TO WHISPER = TO SAY IN LOW VOICE
TO SHOUT = TO YELL
TO DENY = TO SAY NO
HEART-TO-HEART TALK = SINCERE TALK

GOSSIP = CHATTER

FOR and AGAINST ESSAY

YOU WILL LOVE THIS:

http://learnenglishteens.britishcouncil.org/skills/writing-skills-practice/and-against-essay

REPHRASING ACTIVITIES

1 It is possible that he'll be late again.

He ....................

2 You are free to look at anything.

You ..............

3 It is mandatory that students aged 3-16 wear a uniform here.

All students here .............

4 Someone has offered Tom a job.

Tom ...........

5 He has written 2 books, and will publish another in June.

He will have ...............

6 I think he is at the café now but I am not sure.

He ......................

7 I got up earlier than you yesterday.

You got up ....................

8 Cristiano Ronaldo is the best footballer in the world.

Noone ............

9 George is older than Mary.

Mary is ..............

10 They were very irresponsible.

They behaved .............

1 Smoking is forbidden in this apartment.

You ................

2 I didn't hide those papers and they have stolen them.

I wish ................

3 He needs a haircut.

He is going to have ...................

4 You ought to deal with that problem as soon as possible.

You ..................

5 There is no need to run all the time, we are in time.

We ....................

6 That headache is killing you all day long.

You should have......................

A description of an event

49th SUPER BOWL!

Madrugada del 1 al 2 de febrero de 2015 en el estadio de la Universidad de Phoenix, Estados Unidos.

¡Increíble! Tom Brady supera las marcas de su "ídolo" Joe Montana. El quarterback Tom Brady siempre tuvo como "ídolo" de su infancia al legendario Joe Montana, ahora a sus 37 años, igualó sus marcas históricas como pasador de los Patriots de Nueva Inglaterra.

Consiguió así el cuarto título de Super Bowl, el mayor evento anual de fútbol americano, al ganar por 28-24 a los Seahawks de Seattle, en la 49 edición de la gran final de la NFL.

El halftime show corrió a cargo de Katy Perry, Missy Elliot y Lenny Kravitz.

Más de 114,4 millones de estadounidenses vieron el partido por televisión. Por supuesto, los anuncios más caros de la historia se emitieron durante los demás descansos.

UNIT 4: I wish...

PASSIVE VOICE

A. Change the sentences to passive voice.

1. Many people begin new projects in January
2. You must wash that shirt for tonight’s party.
3. Mum is going to prepare the food.
4. They make shoes in that factory.
5. We will have to examine you again.
6. They had finished preparations by the time the guests arrived.
7. The delegation will meet the visitors at the airport.
8. We have produced skis here since 1964.
9. All workers will read the memo.
10. Nobody can beat Tiger Woods at golf.
11. They also speak German at EU meetings.
12. We must look into the question.
13. Someone reads the newspaper to him every day.
14. The Chinese discovered acupuncture thousands of years ago.
15. Has he given you back the book yet?
16. The police locked up the criminals.
17. They must have left the keys behind.
18. The robbers made up the story.
19. The boy is eating the cake.
20. Dad promised by a box of chocolates.
21. The spider scared her.
22. The guide will show us the Natural History Museum in the afternoon.
23. The dentist is cleaning the woman’s teeth.
24. She showed her relatives the new house.

B. Change the sentences to passive voice.

1. The Browns have built the large house.

2. A jellyfish stung her while she was swimming.

3. They gave her a nice present.

4. Jane is singing the new song.

5. The storm destroyed the house.

6. People spent a lot of Monday on the first shopping Saturday.

7. How do you write that word?

8. She watered the flowers every day.

9. The headmaster called his parents to the office.

10. Ben will direct the show.

11. The dog has broken the window pane.

12. You must pay the bill first.

13. They were interviewing her for the job.

14. The professor told him not to talk in class.

15. You shouldn’t speak to your neighbor.

16. Do not leave your bicycle in the hall.

17. Can you learn French easily?

18. Your impolite tone surprises me.

19. James will repair the car.

20. An unknown author wrote the book.

21. They forced him to steal the money out of his dad’s room.

22. Our neighbors have invited us to dinner.

23. Why are they tearing down the old theatre?

24. I will present my ideas at the conference tonight.

25. She would have told you.

ANSWERS:

PASSIVE VOICE PART A

1. Many people begin new projects in January New projects are begun in January. 2. You must wash that shirt for tonight’s party. That shirt must be washed for tonight’s party. 3. Mum is going to prepare the food. The food is going to be prepared by mum. 4. They make shoes in that factory. Shoes are made in that factory. 5. We will have to examine you again. You will have to be examined again. 6. They had finished preparations by the time the guests arrived. Preparations had been finished by the time the guests arrived. 7. The delegation will meet the visitors at the airport. The visitors will be met at the airport by the delegation 8. We have produced skis here since 1964. Skis have been produced here since 1964. 9. All workers will read the memo. The memo will be read by all workers. 10. Nobody can beat Tiger Woods at golf. Tiger Woods cannot be beaten at golf. 11. They also speak German at EU meetings. German is also spoken at EU meetings. 12. We must look into the question. The question must be looked into. 13. Someone reads the newspaper to him every day. The newspaper is read to him every day. 14. The Chinese discovered acupuncture thousands of years ago. Acupuncture was discovered by the Chinese thousands of years ago. 15. Has he given you back the book yet? Has the book been given back to you yet? Have you been given back the book yet? 16. The police locked up the criminals. The criminals were locked up by the police. 17. They must have left the keys behind. The keys must have been left behind. 18. The robbers made up the story. The story was made up by the robbers. 19. The boy is eating the cake. The cake is being eaten by the boy 20. Dad promised by a box of chocolates. I was promised a box of chocolates. 21. The spider scared her. She was scared by the spider. 22. The guide will show us the Natural History Museum in the afternoon. We will be shown the Natural History Museum by the guide in the afternoon The Natural History Museum will be shown to us in the afternoon. 23. The dentist is cleaning the woman’s teeth. The woman’s teeth are being cleaned by the dentist. 24. She showed her relatives the new house. Her relatives were shown the new house.

PASSIVE VOICE PART B

1. The large house has been built by the Browns. 2. She was stung by a jellyfish while she was swimming. 3. She was given a nice present. 4. The new song is being sung by Jane. 5. The house was destroyed by the storm. 6. A lot of money was spent on the first shopping Saturday. 7. How is that word written? 8. The flowers were watered every day. 9. His parents were called to the office by the headmaster. 10. The show will be directed by Ben. 11. The window pane has been broken by the dog. 12. The bill must be paid first. 13. She was being interviewed for the job. 14. He was told not to talk in class by the professor. 15. Your neighbor shouldn’t be spoken to. 16. Bicycles must not be left in the hall. 17. Can French be learned easily? 18. I am surprised by your impolite tone. 19. The car will be repaired by James. 20. The book was written by an unknown author. 21. He was forced to steal the money out of his dad’s room. 22. We have been invited to dinner. 23. Why is the old theatre being torn down? 24. My ideas will be presented at the conference tonight. 25. You would have been told.

CAUSATIVE HAVE EXERCISES:

GET / HAVE SOMETHING DONE

I HAD MY CAR REPAIRED YESTERDAY

http://pepearca.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/have-something-done.pdf

Answers after X-mas!

IS IMAGE POWERFUL? Give reasons.

FOR THE BRAVE ONES!

Try the link below: Next to full screen button, you will find the subtitles one (fell free to choose English subtitles there)

http://www.ted.com/talks/cameron_russell_looks_aren_t_everything_believe_me_i_m_a_model